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Wrong and Wromantic – or Right and Repulsive?
We have an image of the typical Roundhead in the Civil Wars of the Three Kingdoms – the typical dour, sober parliamentarian Roundhead, dressed in sombre, black clothes with maybe the odd doily round the neck as a bit of decoration. And the flamboyant, fun-loving and free living Royalist, the Cavalier. So much so that the phrase ‘to be cavalier’ has entered our language. But the people in the civil wars didn’t necessarily lines up on the religious lines to tend to think of – there were other factors at play – family connections, class, history and geography, secular politics.
So here’s a bit of a game for you – a quick fire quiz; can you spot the Roundhead or the Cavalier?
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I hope you enjoyed the game of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and are better able to identify Roundheads and Cavaliers next time you head down to the pub!
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Question 1 of 25
1. Question
Correct
This is Charles I, who was something of a royalist
Incorrect
This is Charles I, who was something of a royalist
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Question 2 of 25
2. Question
Correct
Edwards Hyde, Royalist and historian, chief adviser to Charles I and Chancellor for Charles II. Described Oliver Cromwell as a ‘Brave bad man’, Author of a classic ac count of the civil war History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England: Begun in the Year 1641
Incorrect
Edwards Hyde, Royalist and historian, chief adviser to Charles I and Chancellor for Charles II. Described Oliver Cromwell as a ‘Brave bad man’, Author of a classic ac count of the civil war History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England: Begun in the Year 1641
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Question 3 of 25
3. Question
Correct
George Digby (1612-1677), Earl of Bristol. Started off by opposing the king but became a royalist. Advised Charles to move on the five parliamentarians, so not the best of advisers, and unreliable
Incorrect
George Digby (1612-1677), Earl of Bristol. Started off by opposing the king but became a royalist. Advised Charles to move on the five parliamentarians, so not the best of advisers, and unreliable
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Question 4 of 25
4. Question
Correct
Queen Henrietta Maria, 1609-1669. French Catholic Princess and wife of Charles I. Her relationship with Charles became progressively stronger, and she was fierce in defence of the royal cause
Incorrect
Queen Henrietta Maria, 1609-1669. French Catholic Princess and wife of Charles I. Her relationship with Charles became progressively stronger, and she was fierce in defence of the royal cause
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Question 5 of 25
5. Question
Correct
James Butler, 1610-1688, Earl and Duke of Ormonde. A protestant who led Charles’ policy and party in Ireland in opposition to both Protestants of Parliament and Scotland, and the Confederates.
Incorrect
James Butler, 1610-1688, Earl and Duke of Ormonde. A protestant who led Charles’ policy and party in Ireland in opposition to both Protestants of Parliament and Scotland, and the Confederates.
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Question 6 of 25
6. Question
Correct
Noddy Holder of Slade and the Black Country. And surely a cavalier?
Incorrect
Noddy Holder of Slade and the Black Country. And surely a cavalier?
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Question 7 of 25
7. Question
Correct
Prince Rupert of the Rhine and Duke of Cumberland (1619-1682), iconic Royalist commander on land and sea.
Incorrect
Prince Rupert of the Rhine and Duke of Cumberland (1619-1682), iconic Royalist commander on land and sea.
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Question 8 of 25
8. Question
Correct
Thomas Wentworth, 1593-1641, Earl of Strafford. Fierce and outspoken supporter of the king, Lord Deputy of Ireland 16320-1640. Deserted by his king who suffered agonies of conscience as a result.
Incorrect
Thomas Wentworth, 1593-1641, Earl of Strafford. Fierce and outspoken supporter of the king, Lord Deputy of Ireland 16320-1640. Deserted by his king who suffered agonies of conscience as a result.
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Question 9 of 25
9. Question
Correct
Lady Ann Fanshawe, 1625-1680. Ann is best known as a memorist and cookery author. But she was also a staunch supporter of the king and his cause throughout the civil war, and joined the royal court at Oxford During the interregnum, she and her husband were with the court-in-exile with Charles II.
Incorrect
Lady Ann Fanshawe, 1625-1680. Ann is best known as a memorist and cookery author. But she was also a staunch supporter of the king and his cause throughout the civil war, and joined the royal court at Oxford During the interregnum, she and her husband were with the court-in-exile with Charles II.
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Question 10 of 25
10. Question
Correct
Arthur Goodwin 1594-1643 was a friend of John Hampden and and parliamentary cavalry commander in the civil wars
Incorrect
Arthur Goodwin 1594-1643 was a friend of John Hampden and and parliamentary cavalry commander in the civil wars
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Question 11 of 25
11. Question
Correct
Lady Brilliana Harley 1598-1643 was a fierce parliamentarian, who defended Brampton Bryan castle against the royalists, and had her tenants level their earthworks when the army retreated. She’s also known for her letters to her husband telling of progress of the war
Incorrect
Lady Brilliana Harley 1598-1643 was a fierce parliamentarian, who defended Brampton Bryan castle against the royalists, and had her tenants level their earthworks when the army retreated. She’s also known for her letters to her husband telling of progress of the war
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Question 12 of 25
12. Question
Correct
Charlotte Stanley, Countess of Derby 1599-1664 defended the last royalist stronghold in Lancashire in 1644, Lathom House, refusing to surrender until Prince Rupert raised the siege. Charlotte spent the rest of the war on the Isle of Man.
Incorrect
Charlotte Stanley, Countess of Derby 1599-1664 defended the last royalist stronghold in Lancashire in 1644, Lathom House, refusing to surrender until Prince Rupert raised the siege. Charlotte spent the rest of the war on the Isle of Man.
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Question 13 of 25
13. Question
Correct
Oliver Cromwell 1699-1658 General, statesman, Lord Protector. Surprisingly fancy pair of trews to him, the lad.
Incorrect
Oliver Cromwell 1699-1658 General, statesman, Lord Protector. Surprisingly fancy pair of trews to him, the lad.
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Question 14 of 25
14. Question
Correct
Robert Devereux, third Earl of Essex 1591-1646. A chequered career which was forged in the humiliation of his very public divorce from Frances Howard in 1613. He then went to serve under protestant armies on the continent from 1620, and although hard;y covered himself in glory assumed a leadership role for the parliament. For the early years of the civil wars he was a military commander and political power broker, until overshadowed by Fairfax on the field.
Incorrect
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Question 15 of 25
15. Question
Hamilton
Correct
James Hamilton, 3rd Marquess of Hamilton 1606-1649. A participant of the Thirty Years War, for many years he was the principal leader of Charles I’s affairs in Scotland, until accused of treason and incarcerated by an ungrateful monarch in 1644. He enjoyed a political revival in 1647 as leader of the Engagers which led to a disastrous defeat at the hands of Cromwell.
Incorrect
James Hamilton, 3rd Marquess of Hamilton 1606-1649. A participant of the Thirty Years War, for many years he was the principal leader of Charles I’s affairs in Scotland, until accused of treason and incarcerated by an ungrateful monarch in 1644. He enjoyed a political revival in 1647 as leader of the Engagers which led to a disastrous defeat at the hands of Cromwell.
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Question 16 of 25
16. Question
Correct
John Hampden 1595-1643 one of the earliest parliamentary leaders and hero of the Shop Money trial which led to widespread refusal to pay Charles I’s tax. One of the inner parliamentarian circle in the 1640s, he died at Chalgrove Field in 1642 and his death was a disaster for parliamentary, since Hampden could bring different factions together.
Incorrect
John Hampden 1595-1643 one of the earliest parliamentary leaders and hero of the Shop Money trial which led to widespread refusal to pay Charles I’s tax. One of the inner parliamentarian circle in the 1640s, he died at Chalgrove Field in 1642 and his death was a disaster for parliamentary, since Hampden could bring different factions together.
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Question 17 of 25
17. Question
Correct
John Pym 1584-1643 the leader of the parliamentary opposition to Charles I and the architect of Parliamentary opposition to Charles I in England. Died of cancer in 143 and was buried in Westminister Abbey. Only to be kicked out by Charles II when he returned.
Incorrect
John Pym 1584-1643 the leader of the parliamentary opposition to Charles I and the architect of Parliamentary opposition to Charles I in England. Died of cancer in 143 and was buried in Westminister Abbey. Only to be kicked out by Charles II when he returned.
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Question 18 of 25
18. Question
Correct
Alexander Leslie 1580-1661 Veteran of the Thirty Year’s War, commander of the Scottish armies and collaboration with the English parliamentarians. Installed in the Tower of London after the defeat of his namesake David Leslie by Cromwell at Dunbar.
Incorrect
Alexander Leslie 1580-1661 Veteran of the Thirty Year’s War, commander of the Scottish armies and collaboration with the English parliamentarians. Installed in the Tower of London after the defeat of his namesake David Leslie by Cromwell at Dunbar.
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Question 19 of 25
19. Question
Correct
Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll 1607-1661 Covenanter and leader of the Radical Covenanter group in the Scottish Revolution. But Montrose and MacColla reduced his lands to rubble in Argyll, he lost political power despite opposing the Engagement, and was executed by Charles II in 1661
Incorrect
Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll 1607-1661 Covenanter and leader of the Radical Covenanter group in the Scottish Revolution. But Montrose and MacColla reduced his lands to rubble in Argyll, he lost political power despite opposing the Engagement, and was executed by Charles II in 1661
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Question 20 of 25
20. Question
Correct
Thomas Fairfax 1612-1671. The Fairfaxes were traditional landowners in Yorkshire, and Thomas and his father were early supporters of the parliamentarian cause. Thomas rose to become the greatest of the parliamentarian military leader, and became Commander in Chief. However he fell out with Cromwell over the execution of the king, and withdrew from public life, and was spared by Charles II on his return.
Incorrect
Thomas Fairfax 1612-1671. The Fairfaxes were traditional landowners in Yorkshire, and Thomas and his father were early supporters of the parliamentarian cause. Thomas rose to become the greatest of the parliamentarian military leader, and became Commander in Chief. However he fell out with Cromwell over the execution of the king, and withdrew from public life, and was spared by Charles II on his return.
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Question 21 of 25
21. Question
Correct
John Thurloe 616-1668 became Secretary of State in 1652 and head of intelligence in 1653 under the Protectorate.
Incorrect
John Thurloe 616-1668 became Secretary of State in 1652 and head of intelligence in 1653 under the Protectorate.
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Question 22 of 25
22. Question
Correct
Robert Rich 1587-1658, 2nd Earl of Warwick. Puritan, military commander, admiral and sponsor of colonies in North America and early parliamentarian leader. Robert Rich lost his political role after the abolition of parliament in 1649 and retired from public life
Incorrect
Robert Rich 1587-1658, 2nd Earl of Warwick. Puritan, military commander, admiral and sponsor of colonies in North America and early parliamentarian leader. Robert Rich lost his political role after the abolition of parliament in 1649 and retired from public life
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Question 23 of 25
23. Question
Correct
Arthur Capell 1608-1649 Supporter of the king in the House of Commons, military commanded in the west of England, and attended the queen. Executed b y order of parliament in 1649. His heart was preserved in a silver box and presented to Charles II. Lovely gift and great idea for a stocking filler.
Incorrect
Arthur Capell 1608-1649 Supporter of the king in the House of Commons, military commanded in the west of England, and attended the queen. Executed b y order of parliament in 1649. His heart was preserved in a silver box and presented to Charles II. Lovely gift and great idea for a stocking filler.
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Question 24 of 25
24. Question
Correct
Lucy Hutchinson 1620-1681 was a poet and biographer, a puritan and parliamentarian. She wrote a series of poems coming to terms with the death of her husband, ad wrote a memoir of the Civil Wars in the Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson
Incorrect
Lucy Hutchinson 1620-1681 was a poet and biographer, a puritan and parliamentarian. She wrote a series of poems coming to terms with the death of her husband, ad wrote a memoir of the Civil Wars in the Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson
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Question 25 of 25
25. Question
Correct
Thomas Hanmer 1612-1678 Puritan and Royalist member of the house of Commons who raised troops for the king
Incorrect
Thomas Hanmer 1612-1678 Puritan and Royalist member of the house of Commons who raised troops for the king
Great fun guessing based on moustache styles or ladies neck lines.
Some very fancy Round Heads foxed me.
That was quite a trial as I royally screwed up many of my rather cavalier guesses. Glad to play, thank you, my liege.
The dresses of women and especially the male outfits and regal bearing of each portrait really flummoxed my pure guess work … oh well … maybe I’ll try again after the episodes drop !
Great fun !! Mahalo
Quite a lot of them outside the armies were all pretty posh is I suppose the point…which is he burden of John Adamson’s book ‘The Noble Revolt’. Which I have bought, but which turns out to be not much smaller than my house
This was fun. Recognized Cromwell by his UGGS boots. This quiz is similar to one in the New York Times a year or so ago–photographs of the contents of people’s refrigerator from which you were asked to determine whether it was a Democrat or Republican family.
Having shamefully failed to recognise Charles I in question 8 I immediately removed myself from the quiz and am currently residing in the Tower awaiting my fate. I have sat here too long for any good I have been doing.
I officially release you David, with a royal pardon. Charles was getting on a bit and going grey by that time, so he’s probably relieved you failed to recognise him
Well 14/25. I call that a pass. I judged on the clothes which just goes to show you can not judge a man or woman by what they wear.
Ah! The very point of the quiz of course, you have walked straight into my trap! (laughs evily in British)
My Dutch Reformed training led me to select “round head” whenever I saw the color orange. It led me to the correct answer more times than not!
That is an interesting technique! Not heard that one before